Zinc-polyurea-formaldehyde immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles: preparation, characterization and application in the synthesis of spirooxindoles

چکیده مقاله

The synthesis of heterocyclic compounds in water as a reaction medium has gained increasing importance in chemistry and environmental sciences. Spirooxindoles are one of the most important classes of heterocyclic compounds that are widely used in the preparation of natural and pharmaceutical compounds. Spirooxindoles compounds have biological activities such as antimicrobial, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant, anti-HIV. In this paper, zinc-polyurea-formaldehyde immobilized on CoFe₂O₄ magnetic nanoparticles is used in the preparation and synthesis of spirooxindoles. The advantages of using the zinc-polyurea-formaldehyde nanocatalyst include its ease of recovery and sustainability. The structure of this nanocatalyst was confirmed by VSM, XRD, SEM, and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. The results indicated that this catalyst can be easily recovered using a magnetic field and directly reused for at least six times without significant loss in its activity. Optimization of reaction conditions for preparation of spirooxindoles indicated that 0.01 g of zinc-polyurea-formaldehyde nanocatalyst immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles using water solvent and reflux temperature led to the production of spirooxindole derivatives with the best speed (30 min) and the highest efficiency (90%). The results have shown that the catalyst used in this research can synthesize various organic compounds such as pharmaceutical molecules, biosensors, peptides, etc. that can be used in medicinal chemistry.